• I look at it more like this.

    If you treat the Houthis as a non-sovereign entity, they can be attacked freely under international law by the international community as pirates.

    If you treat the Houthis as a sovereign entity, they can be attacked under international law by affected nations as the attacks can be interpreted as an act of war.

    So it doesn’t really matter if they are sovereign or not.

    • It matters because if the Houthis are a non-sovereign entity, then POTUS can order an attack under prior congressional approvals. However, if they are a Sovereign State, then attacking them would be an act of war, requiring congressional approval.