• Engineered Biologics involve having to make special cell cultures off engineered specimens so it’s a research forward cost. The actual production is cheap once the cultures are made.

      I think if you look deep enough you’ll find public funding in a lot of these projects like with Humira, which was funded by the UK Government and is now absurdly expensive as fuck

    • It’s a pretty simple peptide, there’s multiple companies in China that make grey market versions.

      The scarcity seems to come from the government enforced monopoly, only a single company is officially allowed to make it and they don’t have enough machines, I imagine getting more machines takes time.

      Governments could issue compulsory licences for shortages like this, but they never do.